What are the characteristics of kayaking?

 The height of female kayakers is relatively concentrated between 171-176cm, with an average height of 174.1 cm; the height of male kayakers is concentrated between 180-190cm, especially in the area of ​​183-186cm, accounting for 10% of the total. 42.7%; the average height of male athletes is 183.8cm.


From the perspective of physiology, this item belongs to high- and medium-intensity muscle activity. The energy supply is characterized by an increase in the proportion of aerobic energy supply with the increase of distance, a decrease in the proportion of anaerobic energy supply, and an increase in total energy consumption. ATP-CP energy supply The proportion of the system is very small.


1. Body shape requirements: lightweight, less fat, above average height, long arms and legs. There is no high requirement for the weight/height (kg/cm) index, but a fat-free body is important and should have better muscle strength, especially leg strength. The athlete's body shape is characterized by well-developed leg muscles, upward tightening of the buttocks muscles, and "breeches-type" thigh muscles. At the same time, the athletes are required to have a thin waist, narrow marrow, strong heels, and high arches.


2. Physical fitness requirements: aerobic endurance, explosive power, ability to coordinate force, whole body strength level, and water sense must be excellent.


3. Physical function requirements: VO2 max is an important guarantee for endurance sports to create excellent sports performance. The level of maximum oxygen uptake depends on the level of cardiopulmonary function and skeletal muscle metabolism. When selecting materials, it is required that the heart and lungs are well developed, the heat capacity is large, the heartbeat is strong, and the pulse is slow. In particular, athletes are required to have a large cardiac output and stroke volume.


These indicators have high heritability. The skeletal muscle should have high aerobic metabolic enzyme activity and aerobic metabolic capacity. Skeletal muscle fibers should be dominated by red muscle (slow muscle) fibers. The more red muscle fibers, the stronger the aerobic metabolism and anti-fatigue ability.

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